Stove.



L. S. CHADWICK.

STOVE. 4APPLIcATloM man ocT. 2s. 191s.

Patented May 23, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

L. S. CHADWICK.

STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. 25, 1913.

l E. 4, l Patented May 23, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. S. CHADWCK.4

STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED 001'. 25. 1913.

Patented May 23, 1916.

LEE s. CHADWICK, 0E CLEVELAND, oHIo, A'ssIeNoR rro THE CLEVELAND EoUNnnY COMPANY, 0E CLEVELAND,

OHIO, A CORPORATION 0F OHIO.

scrovE.

To a-ZZ @from t may concern.'

Be it known that I, LEE S. CHAnwIcK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Stoves, of which the following is a fullclear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in that class of stoves which are used for cooking or baking; and it has for its general objects the provision of a Stoveof the above character which is extremely efficient; is convenient of use; is very economical of op-` eration; is of substantial and comparatively simple construction; and is neat and attrac` tive of appearance.

Further and more limited objects of my invention are to provide, for a stove of the aforesaid character, anovel construction of oven whereby the oven maybe quickly and easily changed from one which operates on the ordinary principle of circulating the heat from the heating device through and about the oven, to one which operates on the principle of the tightly closed, insulated oven or those commonly fireless type.

I attain the above objects by a construction of stove illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein: i

Figure l is a front elevation of a stove constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 isa right hand' end elevation of the stove shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 3 is a vertical, sectional view which corresponds, substantially, to the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a sectional, front elevation of the stove and is taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the oven on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Throughout the following detailed description of my invention, similar reference characters are used to designate corresponding parts in the several views of the drawings.

The base 1 of the stove is rectangular in plan and is preferably made of sheet metal.

It is formed with a peripheral bead 2 which rises above the plane of the central portion of the base, and a skirt 3 depends from the outer edge of the bead and has its lower edge wired, as shown at 4:, a feature common Au- Specification of Letters Patent.

known to the trade asv the spective panels 8 to the art of sheet metal construction. The base 1 1s supporteda suitable distance above the ioor by legs 5 which, for the purpose of rigidity, 4I prefer to make of cast metal. The upperend of each leg is formed to fit snugly within the corner between anend and side of the skirt and the adjacent horizontal portion of the base 1, and is held position by stove bolts 6 which pass through holes in the leg, the skirt 3, and areinforcing or strengthenin plate 7 which is fitted about the outside og the corner of the skirt. Extending upwardly from the left hand end of thebase 1 is a panel 8 which has its upper and lower edges turned inwardly to form iianges 9 and 10, respectively, and the latter flange is secured to the base 1 by stove bolts 11.` A fiat panel 17 which is of substantially the same area as the from the base in a plane parallel to the aforesaid panel, the space between the panels being substantially square. lThe upper and lower edges of the panel 17 are turned toward the panel 8, forming horizontal flanges 18 and 19, respectively, the latter of which is secured to the base of the stove by stove bolts 20.

The oven, which is shown and which will be described vin detail farther on in this specification, is supported upon the horizontal anges 9 and 18 of the reand 17, and extending toward the right from the oven is the stove top 22 which is substantially coextensive with that portion of the base l which is located to the right of the panel `17. The end of the top 22 opposite the oven is supported from the base of the stove panel 25 which is secured to the base by stove bolts 26 which pass through its horizontal base fiange 27.

in such generally at A, i

by the Patented May 23, 1916. Application led October 25, 1913. Serial No. 797,217. j i

panel 8, rises Y Located beneath the oven and adjacent the panel 17 is a liquid fuel burner of the type shown in the patent to Jeavons No. 848,828, issued April 2, 1907. This burner is used for supplying heat to the oven, and will be referred` to hereinafter as the oven` burner and is designated in the drawings, C.

The oven A, previously referred to, comprises front, back, top, bottom and end walls which are shown respectively at 78, 79, 80, 81 and 82, and these walls are of double formation and are lagged or insulated with non-heat conducting material. The usual vst port for the shelf or grid 95.

opening 83 is formed in the front wall of the oven, andthe lower wall 81 has an opening 84 which is oven burner C. This opening is situated forward ofthe transverse center of the oven, as will be seen from Figs. '3 and 5; and in transverse alinement with the opening 84 are passageways 85 formed in the side walls near their lower edges. Slidable within suitable guides which hold them against the inner surfaces of the side walls 82 of the oven, are a. pair of damper plates or closures 86 for the passageways 85, and these plates are turned inwardly at their rear ends where they have connection through clips 87 to a lagged or insulated coverA 88 for the aforesaid opening' 84. This cover is rectangular in shape and is adapted to be 'slid upon the surface of the bottom wall 81, by

a rod 89 having connection at 90 with the forward edge of the cover the rod projecting through an opening in the front wall of the oven where'its outer free end is provided with a handle 91. The rod is jointed at 92 fora purpose which will be hereinafter `mentioned. The walls of the oven are provided with liners which consist of sheet metal plates, the liners for the top, rear and side walls having their edges turned at right angles with their body portions to form flanges whereby the body portion of each .liner is spaced from its respective wall a distance equal tothe depth of such flange.

For convenience, I have referred to the liners of the respective walls by use of the same reference numerals with the additicn of the exponent a The liner 81 for the bottom wall of the oven is turned downwardly at its rear edge whereby it is spaced from said wall a distance equal to the thickness of the cover 88 and at its forward edge it is turned in the opposite direction, said edge being supported from the bottom wall of the oven by a suitable channel 94. The side edges of the liner 81a extend upwardly and inwardly as shown at 81b to form a sup- An opening 81c is made in the liner 81a directly above the opening 84 in the bottomjwall of the oven, and the grid 95 carries a shallow, conical deflector 96 directly above said opening for the purpose of more evenly distributing the heat which rises from the burner C. The liners 82a of the side walls are provided with a series of openings 82b near their upper edges for a purpose which will become apparent from the description of the operation of the oven which will follow; and slots 82c in the lower edges of the liners permit of the previously mentioned connections between the cover 88 and the damper plates or closures 86.v In assembling the liner for the oven, the top liner 802t is rst placed in position. and this is followed by the liner 79a of the back Wall. The side liners 82a located directly above thel are then put into position and are held in place by shelves 97 which are supported upon ledges formed by angle strips 98 carried by the liners 82a. The liner 81a is then placed in the bottom of the oven with its forward end supported by the channel 94.

rlhe opening 83 in the front wall of the oven is provided with a door 98 which is lagged or insulated like the walls of the oven, the door being hinged at its left hand end to the front of the oven, as shown at 99, and at its opposite edge is provided with any approved form of retaining device 100, preferably of the character shown in my copending application No. 790,795, led Sept'. 19, 1913.

As will be seen mostclearly from Figs. 4 and 5, the oven is surrounded by a casing, the side and top walls 101'and 102, respectively, being spaced a slight distance from the corresponding Walls of the oven.

with a vent opening 102a which leads into a flue 103, indicated in dot-and-dash lines i in Figs. 1 and 4, the plane of section of Fig. 4 being offset a sufficient distance in the vicinity of the flue to clearly show the aforesaid structure. A collar 104 is provided for `the flue and has connection with the adjacent portion of the stove through its horizontal flange 105. The back wall of the oven casing is formed by a portion of a back plate 106 which extends the full length of the stove and some distancev above the top of the oven. An end plate 107 rises from the rear portion of the right hand end of the stove top 22 to a height equal tothe height of the oven, and the upper edge of' this plate and the top of the oven are connected by a warming shelf 108. That portion of the back plate 106 which rises above the shelf 108 and the upper Surface of the oven casing is held rigid by a pair of brackets 109 which fit within the angle between the ends of the backv plate and the adjacent portions of the shelf and oven casing. The forward edges of the shelf and the end piece 107, andthe upper edge of theV back plate 106 are stiffened and artistically finished by metallic 'binders 110. Back plates may also be employed between the .rear edges of the panels 17 25 and partition 15.

In the use of the oven, the burner C is first lighted and the opening 84l in the bot toinwall, and the passageways in the side walls of the oven are opened by placing their respective closures 88 and 86 in the positions shown in the drawings. After the temperature of the oven has been raised to a desired point which will be indicated by the thermometer 112 in the oven door, andwhich is required for the preliminary cooking of the particular kinds of foods which are to be Cooked or baked, the foods are placed lso within the oven and left exposed to the action of the burner. During this preliminary cooking, the products of combustion from the burner rise through the opening 84: in the bottom of the oven and are deflected and generallyv distributed throughout the oven by the deflector 96. Gradually rising to the top of the oven, said products escape through the holes 82h in the liners 82a to the spaces or lues formed between such liners and the side walls of the oven. From here they are drawn downwardly to the passageways 85 by the draft of theiiue 103, such draft being communicated to the passageways through thespace between the side and l top walls of` the oven and the adjacent walls -`is continued until the of the stove where of the casing. This preliminary treatment foods are partially cooked, the oven operating in the meantime on .the principle of ovens usually employed with this type of stove wherein the products of combustion from the burner are entrained through and about the oven as previously set forth. At the desired stage of the cooking process, the burner is turned outl and the cover 88-and the damper plates 86 are drawn forwardly by the handle 91 to where they cover their respective openings, the handle and the extending portion of the rod 89 being permitted to swing down along the front they are entirely out of the way. By this operation, the oven has been instantly changed into the oven of the lireless type, closed within the oven and there retained for an indefinite length of time by reason of the lagged or insulated walls and door of the oven. Under the conditions now existing, the baking or cooking of the foods will continue until the process is completed. It will be noticed from F ig. 3 that the lower surface of the cover 88 is dished at 93 so that, if the cover were moved over the burner when the lburner is in operation or while it is still giving olf heat, any eXpansion of the metal whereof the jacketing of the cover 88 is formed will expand inwardly rather than outwardly and thus avoid the cover sticking orrefusing to operate.

From the foregoing description it will be 'seen that I have produced a stove wherein cooking is greatly facilitated by the peculiar construction and operation of the oven; and added to this advantage is the great saving in fuel by the employment of the principle of the tireless type of oven; and it should be understood7 too, that such ovens require much less attention than those of the older type, thereby permitting the housewife to, engage in various other duties while the foods are being cooked without the anxiety of feeling that the oven must be watched.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is l. The combination of a heating device,

through the slots i-n with the heat eifectually 'd an oven having walls of non-heat conducting material, one of the walls having an opening through which the heating device may discharge its heated gases and another wall having an outlet opening through which the gases may escape, a member spaced from and opposed to the first mentioned wall, a cover of non-heat conducting material for the inlet opening and 4slidably conand the said opposed wall, said cover comprising a metallic jacket which is lagged with insulating material, that portion of the jacketing which is adapted to lie over said opening and thereforebe subjected alternately to heat and cold being bulged inwardly to prevent binding when the same expands and contracts.

2. The combination of an oven having top, bottom and side walls, the bottom and side walls having openings which are in substantially transverse aline-` me-nt and situated to one side of thetransverse center of the liners for the side walls of the oven which are spaced therefrom, said liners having holes near their upper edges and slots near their lower edges7 a slidable cover for the opening in the bottom wall, slidable closures for the openings in the side walls, means for sliding the cover, connections between the closures and the cover, such connections extending the liners, and a heating evice situated below the opening in the bottom wall of the oven.

'3. The combination of front, back, top, bottom center of the oven, a slidable cover for the opening in the bottom wall, means for sliding said cover, slidable closures for the openings in the side walls which consist of plates having their rear ends turned at right angles to their body portions toward and overlying the rear edge of the aforesaid cover, Z- shaped clips carried by the rear edge of the cover and overlying the ends of the afor said closures whereby the sliding of the cover will operate the closures, and a heating device situated belouT the opening in the bottom wall of the oven.

4. The combination of front, back, bottom and which are in an oven having top, bottom and side walls, the side walls, having openings substantially transverse alineupper edges and horizontal slots near their lower edges, a slidable `cover for the lopening in the bottom wall, means for operating' said cover, closures for the opening in the situated forward of the transverse side walls which consist of plates having their rear ends turned inwardly at right angles to their body portions toward and overlying the rear edge of the cover, said in-turned portions projecting through the slots in the liners, Z- haped clips secured to the rear edge of the cover and overlying the inturned ends of the closures whereby the sliding of the cover will operate the closures, and a heating device situated below the opening in the bottom wall of the oven.

5. The combination of an oven having front, back, top, bottom and side walls of non-heat conducting material, the front, bottom and side walls having openings, the openings in the bottom and side walls being in substantially 4transverse alinement and center of the oven,rliners for the sidewalls of the oven which are `spaced therefrom and which have openings near their upper edges and horizontally disposed slots corners, a door of non-,heat conducting material for the opening in the front wall, a slidable cover for the opening in the bottom wall, said cover consisting of a metallic jacket which is lagged with non-heat conducting material, that portion of the jacket which is adapted to lie over the opening being bulged inwardly, slidable closures for the openings in the side walls, said closures consisting of plates which have their rear l ends turned inwardly at right angles to the 'and extending'through body portions of the plates, such inturned portions projecting through the slots in the liners and overlying the rear edge of the aforesaid cover, Z-shaped clips secured to the rear edge of the cover and overlying the inturned ends of the closures, a jointed rod connected to the front edge of the cover the front wall of the oven, and a heating device situated below the opening in the bottom wall of the oven.

6. The combination of an oven having front, back, top, bottom and side walls of non-heat conducting material, the front, bottom and side walls having openings, the openings in the bottom and side walls being in substantially transverse alinement and situated forward of the transverse center of the oven, liners for the side walls of the oven which are spaced therefrom and which have openings near their upper edges and horizontally disposed slots near theirlower, rear corners, a door of non-heat conducting ma- Aterial for the opening in the front wall, a

slidable cover for the opening in the bottom wall, said cover consisting of a .metallic jacket which is lagged with non-heat conducting material, that portion of the liner which is adapted to lie over the opening being bulged inwardly, slidable closures for the openings in the side walls, said closures consisting of plates which have their rear ends turned inwardly at right angles to the near their lower, rear body portions of the plates, such inturned portions projecting through the slots in the liners and overlying the rear edge of the aforesaid cover, Z-shaped clips secured to the rear edge of the cover and overlying the inturned ends of the closures, a joint rod connected to the front edge of the cover and extending through the front wall of the oven, a casing for the oven, the side and .top walls of which are spaced from the corresponding walls of the oven, the top wall having a vent opening, and a heating device located below the opening in the bottom wall of the oven;

7. The combination of an oven having front, back, top, bottom and side walls of non-heat conducting material, the bottom and side walls having openings which are in substantially transverse alinement and situated forward of the transverse center of the oven, liners for the side walls of the oven which are spaced therefrom and which have horizontally disposed slots near their lower, rear corners, a slidable cover for the opening in the bottom wall, slidable closures for the openings in the side walls, connections between said closures and the cover which extend through the slots in the liners, a jointed rod connected to the cover and eX- tending through the front wall of the oven, and a heating device located below the opening in the bottom wall of the oven. j

8. An oven of the character set forth comprising front, back, top, bottom and side walls, the bottom and side walls having openings which are substantially in transverse alinement and located to one side of the transverse center of the oven, and a slidable cover for the opening in the bottom wall which is guided between the side walls of the oven and is adapted to occupy a position above the opening ofthe bottom wall, or to be moved beyond the transverse center of the oven to uncoversaid opening.

9. An oven of the character set forth comprising front, back, top, bottom and side walls of non-heat conducting material, the bottom and side walls having openings, the openings in the side walls being located adjacent the bottom of the oven, a casing comprising top and side walls which are sists of a plate of substantially the same lll area as said wall and having a peripheral flange whereby said plate is spaced from the wall, a liner for the rear wall which extends from the bottom Wall to the liner of the top wall and is of a Width substantially equal to the width of the rear wall, said liner having a peripheral flange whereby it is spaced from the rear wall, a liner for each of the side walls which extends from the bottom wall to the liner ofthe top wall, ,and from the front wall to the liner of the rear wall and having a peripheral flange whereby it is spaced from its respective wall, and a liner for the bottom wall of the oven, said liner having its rear edge turned downward adjacent the liner of the rear wall and its side edges turned upward and bent inward adjacent the liners of the side walls to form opposed ledges fora bottom plate, said bottom liner having an opening which is located above the opening of the bottom wall, and a member whereon the front edge of the bottom wall liner is supported.

l ll. An oven of the character set forth comprising front, back, top, bottom and side walls of non-heat conducting material, the bottom wall having an opening through which a heating device may discharge its heat, a liner spaced from and parallel with the bottom wall of the oven, and a closure slidable between said liner and the bottom wall,said closure comprising a body of non-heat conducting material that is inclosed in a metallic jacket that portion of said jacket which is adapted to repose above the opening inthe bottom being concaved.

l2. An oven of the character set forth comprising front, back, top, bottom and side walls of non-heat conducting material, the bottom and side walls having openings, the openings in the side walls being located adjacent the bottom of the oven, a casing comprising top and side walls which are spaced from the corresponding walls of the oven and forming, with said walls, flues, said casing having an outlet, a liner rising from the bottom wall of the oven alongside each of the side walls and forming therewith a flue, there being openings adjacent the tops of the liners through which communication is established between the oven and the last mentioned flues, and a closure for the opening in the bottom wall which isA guided between said wall and the last mentioned liner, and between the liners of the side walls, said closure comprising a metallic jacket inclosing a body of non-heat conducting material, that'portion of the jacket which is adapted to repose above the opening iu the bottom wall being concaved so that in case of expansion of the jacket, the same will bulge inwardly.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LEE S. CHADVICK.

Vitnesses:

BRENNAN B. WEST, HUGH B. MCGILL. 

